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Wojtek (bear)
Wojtek (1942–1963; (:ˈvɔjtɛk)) usually spelled ''Voytek'' in English, was a Syrian brown bear found in Iran and adopted by soldiers of the 22nd Artillery Supply Company of the Polish II Corps. He was later officially enlisted as a soldier of the company with the rank of Private, and subsequently became a Corporal.〔()〕 During the Battle of Monte Cassino, Wojtek helped to move crates of ammunition. The name "Wojtek" is a diminutive (Hypocorism) form of "Wojciech", an old Slavic name that is still common in Poland today and means "he who enjoys war" or "joyful warrior".
==History==
In the spring of 1942 the newly formed Anders Army left the Soviet Union for Iran (then Persia), accompanied by thousands of Polish civilians who had been deported to the gulags following the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939.
During a rest stop near the town of Hamadan while en route to Tehran on 8 April 1942, a group of Polish soldiers encountered a young Iranian boy who had found a bear cub after its mother had been shot by hunters. One of the civilian refugees in their midst, eighteen-year-old Irena Bokiewicz, was very taken with the cub, which prompted lieutenant Anatol Tarnowiecki to purchase the young bear, who spent the next three months in the Polish refugee camp that was established near Tehran, principally under the care of Irena.〔O niedźwiedziu, który był polskim żołnierzem" in: Polonia Włoska Biuletyn Informacyjny, Wiosna/Lato 2013, p.24, http://en.calameo.com/read/000823018fce5ff37e1c7〕 In August the bear was donated to the 2nd Transport Company, which later became the 22nd Artillery Supply Company, and he was given the name Wojtek by the soldiers.
Wojtek initially had problems swallowing and was fed with condensed milk from an old vodka bottle. He was subsequently given fruit, marmalade, honey and syrup, and was often rewarded with beer, which became his favourite drink. He later also enjoyed smoking (or eating) cigarettes. He loved wrestling with the soldiers and was taught to salute when greeted. Wojtek became quite an attraction for soldiers and civilians alike, and soon became an unofficial mascot of all units stationed nearby. With the 22nd Company he moved to Iraq and then through Syria, Palestine and Egypt.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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